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麦哲伦海峡 strait of magellans

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麦哲伦海峡（Strait of Magellan），南美洲大陆南端同火地岛等岛屿之间的海峡(西经71度零分，南纬54度零分）。因航海家麦哲伦于1520年首先由此通过进入太平洋，故名。峡湾曲折，长563千米，最窄处仅有3.3千米，最宽处却有32千米左右。是沟通南大西洋和南太平洋的通道。 海峡两侧基本由连绵的山脉和岛屿组成，72°W以西至太平洋入口除了覆盖少数植被外，以秃山、岩石为主，除导航灯塔外无背景亮光。在海峡中部ARENAS 港附近航段岸形易辨，背景亮光较多。东部入口处的100海里范围内则以矮山为主，少树，多以植被覆盖。贯穿整个海峡，海拔较高的山脉顶部常年积雪覆盖，海拔较低处仅在冬季覆盖积雪。

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